Arachnids of medical importance in Brazil: main active compounds present in scorpion and spider venoms and tick saliva

Table 1 Examples of compounds from Tityus scorpion venoms

Compounds	Examples	Species	Molecular Mass (kDa)	Action Mechanism	References
Neurotoxins	Ts3, Ts5	Tityus serrulatus	~6.0–7.0	Action on Na⁺ channels	29–32
	TbTx5, Tb3	Tityus bahiensis
	Tst3	Tityus stigmurus
	Ts1	Tityus serrulatus	6890.9		33–34
	Ts6, Ts7	Tityus serrulatus	~6.0–7.0	Action on K⁺ channels	35–40
	Tst26	Tityus stigmurus
	Tt28	Tityus trivittatus
	TdK1	Tityus discrepans
Hypotensive agent	Hypotensin	Tityus serrulatus	2.75	Agonist of the B(2) receptor	41
Antimicrobial peptides	TsAP1, TsAP2	Tityus serrulatus	~8.4	Unclear	42
Proteinases	Metalloproteinase	Tityus serrulatus	~25.0	Lysis of the cell basement membrane	43–46
Proteinases	Serine proteinases^a	Tityus serrulatus Tityus bahiensis	–	Action on coagulation factors	47
Enzymes	Phospholipase^b	Tityus serrulatus Tityus stigmurus	–	Hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids	48–49
Enzymes	Hyaluronidase	Tityus sp.	~50.0	Catalyzes the hydrolysis of hyaluronan from the extracellular matrix	50

ISSN: 1678-9199