Table 1 Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics between patients with Deinagkistrodon acutus and Daboia siamensis envenomation
|  | Deinagkistrodon acutus (n = 15) | Daboia siamensis (n = 12) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | 47.7 ± 13.81 | 55.0 ± 10.06 | 0.140 |
Male gender | 14 (93.3) | 9 (75.0) | 0.294 |
Season | |||
 Summer & fall | 14 (93.3) | 6 (50.0) | 0.024 |
 Winter and spring | 1 (6.7) | 6 (50.0) |  |
Bite area | |||
 Upper limbs | 10 (66.7) | 10 (83.3) | 0.408 |
 Lower limbs | 5 (33.3) | 2 (16.7) |  |
Operation | 8 (53.3) | 0 (0) | 0.003 |
Local signs | |||
 Swelling | 15 (100) | 12 (100) | 1.000 |
 Ecchymosis | 9 (60) | 4 (33.3) | 0.252 |
 Hemorrhagic bulla | 8 (53.3) | 0 (0) | 0.003 |
Time to arrive hospital (hr) | 2.0 (1–7.5) | 7.5 (1–12) | 0.373 |
Total dose of antivenom (vial) | 6.0 (4–10) | 4.0 (4–6) | 0.067 |
Duration of hospitalization (day) | 5.0 (2–27) | 3.0 (2–7) | 0.183 |
ED laboratory data: | |||
 WBC (× 103/μL) | 10.3 ± 2.98 | 12.1 ± 3.90 | 0.187 |
 Hb (g/dL) | 14.1 ± 2.77 | 14.0 ± 1.39 | 0.889 |
 PLT (× 103/μL) | 20.0 (14–66) | 149.0 (102.3–274.3) | 0.001 |
 PT (sec) | 100.0 (100–100) | 75.0 (11–100) | 0.025 |
 aPTT (sec) | 150.0 (25–191) (n = 14) | 29.0 (25–160) | 0.118 |
 Fibrinogen (g/L) | 0.5 (0.25–0.93) (n = 13) | 0.5 (0.25–0.95) | 0.689 |
 D-dimer (μg/L) | 1423.4 (713.4–4212.3) (n = 12) | 12,500.0 (2351.4–200,000.0) | 0.008 |
 DIC score | 7.0 (5–7) | 5.5 (4–6) | 0.041 |
 AST (IU/L) | 29.0 (22–35) | 36.0 (24–101) (n = 11) | 0.330 |
 ALT (IU/L) | 22.0 (18.0–44.5) (n = 13) | 25.0 (20–38) | 0.852 |
 BUN (mg/dL) | 14.0 (10.8–19.5) (n = 14) | 17.0 (12.5–30.8) | 0.193 |
 CRE (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.78–1.33) (n = 14) | 1.2 (0.93–2.38) | 0.118 |
 CK (IU/L) | 242.0 (213.5–748.0) (n = 13) | 487.0 (257–1444.5) (n = 9) | 0.186 |