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  1. There are 6 species of venomous snakes in Taiwan. Two of them, Deinagkistrodon acutus (D. acutus) and Daboia siamensis (D. siamensis), can cause significant coagulopathy. However, a significant proportion of pati...

    Authors: Hung-Yuan Su, Shih-Wei Huang, Yan-Chiao Mao, Ming-Wen Liu, Kuo-Hsin Lee, Pei-Fang Lai and Ming-Jen Tsai
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:43
  2. The blunt-nosed viper Macrovipera lebetina (Linnaeus, 1758) is a medically important snake species in the Middle East. Its nominate subspecies Macrovipera l. lebetina is confined to Cyprus, where it is the only d...

    Authors: Daniel Jestrzemski and Irina Kuzyakova
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:42
  3. The oral cavities of snakes are replete with various types of bacterial flora. Culture-dependent studies suggest that some of the bacterial species are responsible for secondary bacterial infection associated ...

    Authors: Sajesh Puthenpurackal Krishnankutty, Megha Muraleedharan, Rajadurai Chinnasamy Perumal, Saju Michael, Jubina Benny, Bipin Balan, Pramod Kumar, Jishnu Manazhi, Bangaruswamy Dhinoth Kumar, Sam Santhosh, George Thomas, Ravi Gupta and Arun Zachariah
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:41
  4. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a BCR-ABL1+ myeloproliferative neoplasm marked by increased myeloproliferation and presence of leukemic cells resistant to apoptosis. The current first-line therapy for CML is ad...

    Authors: Rogério Bodini Benati, Tássia Rafaela Costa, Maira da Costa Cacemiro, Suely Vilela Sampaio, Fabíola Attié de Castro and Sandra Mara Burin
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:40
  5. For the past 80 years, Crotoxin has become one of the most investigated isolated toxins from snake venoms, partially due to its major role as the main toxic component in the venom of the South American rattles...

    Authors: Marco Aurélio Sartim, Danilo Luccas Menaldo and Suely Vilela Sampaio
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:39
  6. Bitis arietans is a venomous snake found in sub-Saharan Africa and in parts of Morocco and Saudi Arabia. The envenomation is characterized by local and systemic reactions including pain, blistering, edema and tis...

    Authors: Ângela Alice Amadeu Megale, Fábio Carlos Magnoli, Alexandre Kazuo Kuniyoshi, Leo Kei Iwai, Denise V. Tambourgi, Fernanda C. V. Portaro and Wilmar Dias da Silva
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:38
  7. L-amino acid oxidases isolated from snake venoms (SV-LAAOs) are enzymes that have great therapeutic potential and are currently being investigated as tools for developing new strategies to treat various diseas...

    Authors: Tássia R. Costa, Sante E. I. Carone, Luiz F. F. Tucci, Danilo L. Menaldo, Nathalia G. Rosa-Garzon, Hamilton Cabral and Suely V. Sampaio
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:37
  8. Animal poisons and venoms are sources of biomolecules naturally selected. Rhinella schneideri toads are widespread in the whole Brazilian territory and they have poison glands and mucous gland. Recently, protein ...

    Authors: Priscila Yumi Tanaka Shibao, Camila Takeno Cologna, Romualdo Morandi-Filho, Gisele Adriano Wiezel, Patricia Tiemi Fujimura, Carlos Ueira-Vieira and Eliane Candiani Arantes
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:36
  9. Despite the development of new therapies for leishmaniasis, among the 200 countries or territories reporting to the WHO, 87 were identified as endemic for Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and 75 as endemic for Viscer...

    Authors: Viviane dos Santos Faiões, Lívia C. R. M. da Frota, Edézio Ferreira Cunha-Junior, Julio C. F. Barcellos, Thayssa Da Silva, Chaquip Daher Netto, Silvia Amaral Gonçalves Da-Silva, Alcides J. M. da Silva, Paulo R. R. Costa and Eduardo Caio Torres-Santos
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:35
  10. Our group has previously performed a proteomic study verifying that individual variations can occur among Crotalus durissus collilineatus venoms. These variations may lead to differences in venom toxicity and may...

    Authors: Isadora Sousa de Oliveira, Manuela Berto Pucca, Suely Vilela Sampaio and Eliane Candiani Arantes
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:34
  11. Snake venom phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) have been reported to induce myotoxic, neurotoxic, hemolytic, edematogenic, cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects. This work aimed at the isolation and functional characteriz...

    Authors: Rafhaella C. A. Cedro, Danilo L. Menaldo, Tássia R. Costa, Karina F. Zoccal, Marco A. Sartim, Norival A. Santos-Filho, Lúcia H. Faccioli and Suely V. Sampaio
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:33
  12. Lachesis muta rhombeata (Lmr) is the largest venomous snake in Latin America and its venom contains mainly enzymatic components, such as serine and metalloproteases, L-amino acid oxidase and phospholipases A2. Me...

    Authors: Francielle Almeida Cordeiro, Bárbara Marques Coutinho, Gisele Adriano Wiezel, Karla de Castro Figueiredo Bordon, Cristiane Bregge-Silva, Nathalia Gonsales Rosa-Garzon, Hamilton Cabral, Beatrix Ueberheide and Eliane Candiani Arantes
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:32
  13. The great diversity of molecules found in spider venoms include amino acids, polyamines, proteins and peptides, among others. Some of these compounds can interact with different neuronal receptors and ion chan...

    Authors: Flavia Rodrigues da Silva, Mayara Rodrigues Brandão de Paiva, Lays Fernanda Nunes Dourado, Rummenigge Oliveira Silva, Carolina Nunes da Silva, Bruna Lopes da Costa, Cibele Rodrigues Toledo, Maria Elena de Lima and Armando da Silva-Cunha
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:31
  14. Drug repurposing has been an interesting and cost-effective approach, especially for neglected diseases, such as Chagas disease.

    Authors: Daiane Dias Ferreira, Juliana Tonini Mesquita, Thais Alves da Costa Silva, Maiara Maria Romanelli, Denise da Gama Jaen Batista, Cristiane França da Silva, Aline Nefertiti Silva da Gama, Bruno Junior Neves, Cleber Camilo Melo-Filho, Maria de Nazare Correia Soeiro, Carolina Horta Andrade and Andre Gustavo Tempone
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:30
  15. Considering the high toxicity and limited therapies available for treating visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the drug repositioning approach represents a faster way to deliver new therapies to the market.

    Authors: Erika G. Pinto and Andre G. Tempone
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:29
  16. In recent decades, snake venom disintegrins have received special attention due to their potential use in anticancer therapy. Disintegrins are small and cysteine-rich proteins present in snake venoms and can i...

    Authors: Isadora Sousa de Oliveira, Rafaella Varzoni Manzini, Isabela Gobbo Ferreira, Iara Aimê Cardoso, Karla de Castro Figueiredo Bordon, Ana Rita Thomazela Machado, Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes, José Cesar Rosa and Eliane Candiani Arantes
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:28
  17. The therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of Leishmaniasis is limited and includes toxic compounds (antimonials, amphotericin B, pentamidine and miltefosine). Given these aspects, the search for new compounds ...

    Authors: Simone S Grecco, Thais A Costa-Silva, Fernanda S Sousa, Stefano B Cargnelutti, Eric Umehara, Poliana S Mendonça, Andre G Tempone and Joao Henrique G Lago
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:27
  18. There is still a need for new alternatives in pharmacological therapy for neglected diseases, as the drugs available show high toxicity and parenteral administration. That is the case for the treatment of leis...

    Authors: Carina Agostinho Rodrigues, Paloma Freire dos Santos, Marcela Oliveira Legramanti da Costa, Thais Fernanda Amorim Pavani, Patrícia Xander, Mariana Marques Geraldo, Ana Mengarda, Josué de Moraes and Daniela Gonçales Galasse Rando
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:26
  19. Autologous whole blood (AWB) administration is described as alternative/complementary medical practice widely employed in medical and veterinary therapy against infections, chronic pathologies and neoplasias. ...

    Authors: Beatriz Philot Pavão, Kelly Cristina Demarque, Marcos Meuser Batista, Gabriel Melo de Oliveira, Cristiane França da Silva, Francisca Hildemagna Guedes da Silva, Luzia Fátima Gonçalves Caputo, Cynthia Machado Cascabulho, Marcello André Barcinski and Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:25
  20. Lethal factors are multifunctional oligomeric proteins found in the venomous apparatus of Scorpaeniformes fish. These toxins elicit not only an array of biological responses in vitro but also cardiovascular di...

    Authors: Fábio L. S. Costa, Maria Elena De Lima, Suely G. Figueiredo, Rafaela S. Ferreira, Núbia S. Prates, Tetsu Sakamoto and Carlos E. Salas
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:24
  21. Fire ant venom is a complex mixture consisting of basic piperidine alkaloids, various biologically active peptides and protein components, including a variety of major allergenic proteins. Tropical fire ant Solen...

    Authors: Hathairat Srisong, Sophida Sukprasert, Sompong Klaynongsruang, Jureerut Daduang and Sakda Daduang
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:23
  22. Cnidarians produce toxins, which are composed of different polypeptides that induce pharmacological effects of biotechnological interest, such as antitumor, antiophidic and anti-clotting activities. This study...

    Authors: Cláudia S. Oliveira, Cleópatra A. S. Caldeira, Rafaela Diniz-Sousa, Dolores L. Romero, Silvana Marcussi, Laura A. Moura, André L. Fuly, Cicília de Carvalho, Walter L. G. Cavalcante, Márcia Gallacci, Maeli Dal Pai, Juliana P. Zuliani, Leonardo A. Calderon and Andreimar M. Soares
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:22
  23. Lipid metabolites play an important role in parasite differentiation and virulence. Studies have revealed that Leishmania sp. uses prostaglandins to evade innate barriers, thus enabling the parasites to survive i...

    Authors: Maria L. A. C. Bordon, Márcia D. Laurenti, Susan Pereira Ribeiro, Marcos H. Toyama, Daniela de O. Toyama and Luiz Felipe D. Passero
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:21
  24. Yellow fever was transported during the slave trade in the 15th and 16th centuries from Africa to the Americas where the virus encountered favorable ecological conditions that allowed creation of a sustainable...

    Authors: Jean-Philippe Chippaux and Alain Chippaux
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:20
  25. This work aims to contribute to the general information on scorpion reproductive patterns in general including species that can be noxious to humans. Scorpions are unusual among terrestrial arthropods in sever...

    Authors: Wilson R. Lourenço
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:19
  26. Loxoscelism is a severe human envenomation caused by Loxosceles spider venom. To the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the presence of antibodies against Loxosceles venom in loxoscelism patients witho...

    Authors: Tomás Arán-Sekul, José M. Rojas, Mario Subiabre, Victoria Cruz, William Cortés, Luis Osorio, Jorge González, Jorge E. Araya and Alejandro Catalán
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:18
  27. Centruroides hirsutipalpus, of the family Buthidae, is a scorpion endemic to the Western Pacific region of Mexico. Although medically important, its venom has not yet been studied. Therefore, this communication a...

    Authors: Laura L. Valdez-Velázquez, Timoteo Olamendi-Portugal, Rita Restano-Cassulini, Fernando Z. Zamudio and Lourival D. Possani
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:17
  28. Among other applications, immunotherapy is used for the post-exposure treatment and/or prophylaxis of important infectious diseases, such as botulism, diphtheria, tetanus and rabies. The effectiveness of serum...

    Authors: Carla Cristina Squaiella-Baptistão, Fábio Carlos Magnoli, José Roberto Marcelino, Osvaldo Augusto Sant’Anna and Denise V. Tambourgi
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:16
  29. In general, clinical research network capacity building refers to programs aimed at enhancing networks of researchers to conduct clinical research. Although in the literature there is a large body of research ...

    Authors: Guowei Li, Qianyu Wu, Yanling Jin, Thuva Vanniyasingam and Lehana Thabane
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:15
  30. The whole blood clotting test (WBCT) is a simple test of coagulation that is often used in the assessment, diagnosis, and therapeutic monitoring of snakebite patients in sub-Saharan Africa. WBCT requires only ...

    Authors: Jordan Max Benjamin, Jean-Philippe Chippaux, Bio Tamou Sambo and Achille Massougbodji
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:14
  31. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key players in tumor progression, helping tumor cells to modify their microenvironment, which allows cell migration to secondary sites. The role of integrins, adhesion rece...

    Authors: Milene Nóbrega de Oliveira Moritz, Lívia Mara Santos Eustáquio, Kelli Cristina Micocci, Ana Carolina Caetano Nunes, Patty Karina dos Santos, Tamires de Castro Vieira and Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araujo
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:13
  32. Cnidarian venoms and extracts have shown a broad variety of biological activities including cytotoxic, antibacterial and antitumoral effects. Most of these studied extracts were obtained from sea anemones or j...

    Authors: Fernando Lazcano-Pérez, Ariana Zavala-Moreno, Yadira Rufino-González, Martha Ponce-Macotela, Alejandro García-Arredondo, Miguel Cuevas-Cruz, Saúl Gómez-Manzo, Jaime Marcial-Quino, Barbarín Arreguín-Lozano and Roberto Arreguín-Espinosa
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:12
  33. Peripheral nerve injury is a worldwide clinical problem, and the preferred surgical method for treating it is the end-to-end neurorrhaphy. When it is not possible due to a large nerve gap, autologous nerve gra...

    Authors: Roghayeh Mozafari, Sergiy Kyrylenko, Mateus Vidigal Castro, Rui Seabra Ferreira Jr, Benedito Barraviera and Alexandre Leite Rodrigues Oliveira
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:11
  34. Bites provoked by the genus Micrurus represent less than 1% of snakebite cases notified in Brazil, a tiny fraction compared with other genus such as Bothrops and Crotalus, which together represent almost 80% of a...

    Authors: Marcelo Abrahão Strauch, Guilherme Jones Souza, Jordana Nahar Pereira, Tyelli dos Santos Ramos, Marcelo Oliveira Cesar, Marcelo Amorim Tomaz, Marcos Monteiro-Machado, Fernando Chagas Patrão-Neto and Paulo A. Melo
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:10
  35. Envenoming by kraits (genus Bungarus) is a medically significant issue in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) venom is known to contain highly potent neurotoxins. In recent years, the...

    Authors: Mongkon Charoenpitakchai, Kulachet Wiwatwarayos, Nattapon Jaisupa, Muhamad Rusdi Ahmad Rusmili, Supachoke Mangmool, Wayne C. Hodgson, Chetana Ruangpratheep, Lawan Chanhome and Janeyuth Chaisakul
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:9
  36. Scorpions are distributed throughout Iran and the genus Hemiscorpius is particularly important in this region. Hemiscorpius lepturus is the most significant species within the genus in the country. Since scorpion...

    Authors: Rouhullah Dehghani, Fatemeh Kamiabi and Malihe Mohammadi
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:8
  37. Advancements in proteomics, including the technological improvement in instrumentation, have turned mass spectrometry into an indispensable tool in the study of venoms and toxins. In addition, the advance of n...

    Authors: Camila Takeno Cologna, Renata Santos Rodrigues, Jean Santos, Edwin de Pauw, Eliane Candiani Arantes and Loïc Quinton
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:6
  38. Wasp venoms constitute a molecular reservoir of new pharmacological substances such as peptides and proteins, biological property holders, many of which are yet to be identified. Exploring these sources may le...

    Authors: Rafaela Diniz-Sousa, Anderson M. Kayano, Cleópatra A. Caldeira, Rodrigo Simões-Silva, Marta C. Monteiro, Leandro S. Moreira-Dill, Fernando P. Grabner, Leonardo A. Calderon, Juliana P. Zuliani, Rodrigo G. Stábeli and Andreimar M. Soares
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:5
  39. This editorial provides a brief overview of the importance of pilot or feasibility trials or studies, the challenges with current practices in their conduct and reporting, an introduction to the Consolidated S...

    Authors: Luciana P. F. Abbade, Joelcio F. Abbade and Lehana Thabane
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:4
  40. In Brazil, the scorpion species responsible for most severe incidents belong to the Tityus genus and, among this group, T. serrulatus, T. bahiensis, T. stigmurus and T. obscurus are the most dangerous ones. Other...

    Authors: Ana Leonor Abrahão Nencioni, Emidio Beraldo Neto, Lucas Alves de Freitas and Valquiria Abrão Coronado Dorce
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:3
  41. Sperm contains a wealth of cell surface receptors and ion channels that are required for most of its basic functions such as motility and acrosome reaction. Conversely, animal venoms are enriched in bioactive ...

    Authors: Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Sawsan Al Khoury, Lucie Jaquillard, Mathilde Triquigneaux, Guillaume Martinez, Sandrine Bourgoin-Voillard, Michel Sève, Christophe Arnoult, Rémy Beroud and Michel De Waard
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2018 24:2
  42. The present study evaluated the effect of treatment with benznidazole on mRNA expression of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-10, TGF-β and FoxP3 in spleen and heart tissue of BALB/c mice in the acute phase of an experimental ...

    Authors: Mariana Gatto, Larissa Ragozo Cardoso Oliveira, Fernanda De Nuzzi Dias, João Pessoa Araújo Júnior, Carlos Roberto Gonçalves Lima, Eliana Peresi Lordelo, Rodrigo Mattos dos Santos and Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2017 23:47
  43. Classically, Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt) venom can be described, according to chromatographic criteria, as a simple venom, composed of four major toxins, namely: gyroxin, crotamine, crotoxin and convulxin....

    Authors: Laudicéia Alves de Oliveira, Rui Seabra Ferreira Jr, Benedito Barraviera, Francilene Capel Tavares de Carvalho, Luciana Curtolo de Barros, Lucilene Delazari dos Santos and Daniel Carvalho Pimenta
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2017 23:46
  44. Bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPPs) are molecules discovered by Sergio Ferreira – who found them in the venom of Bothrops jararaca in the 1960s – that literally potentiate the action of bradykinin in vivo by,...

    Authors: Juliana Mozer Sciani and Daniel Carvalho Pimenta
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2017 23:45
  45. The protein composition of animal venoms is usually determined by peptide-centric proteomics approaches (bottom-up proteomics). However, this technique cannot, in most cases, distinguish among toxin proteoform...

    Authors: Rafael D. Melani, Fabio C. S. Nogueira and Gilberto B. Domont
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2017 23:44
  46. Sea urchins are animals commonly found on the Brazilian shoreline, being Echinometra lucunter the most abundant species. Accidents caused by E. lucunter have been reported as one of the most frequent in Brazil, a...

    Authors: Juliana Mozer Sciani, Bianca Zychar, Luis Roberto Gonçalves, Renata Giorgi, Thiago Nogueira and Daniel Carvalho Pimenta
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2017 23:43
  47. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are glutamate receptors that play vital roles in central nervous system development and are involved in synaptic plasticity, which is an essential process for learning...

    Authors: Maleeha Waqar and Sidra Batool
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2017 23:42
  48. Viral infections have long been the cause of severe diseases to humans, increasing morbidity and mortality rates worldwide, either in rich or poor countries. Yellow fever virus, H1N1 virus, HIV, dengue virus, ...

    Authors: Carolina Manganeli Polonio, Carla Longo de Freitas, Nagela Ghabdan Zanluqui and Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron
    Citation: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 2017 23:41